The city was the site of several Imperial Diets, including the one of 1180, at which Henry the Lion, duke of Saxony and Bavaria, was banned for three years from the Empire and his duchy Bavaria was handed over to Otto of Wittelsbach. The bishops eventually created a secular fiefdom, that extended to Eastern Franconia in the 12th century. The first diocese was founded by Saint Boniface in 742 when he was appointed the first bishop of Würzburg, Saint Burkhard. This coat of arms replaced the older seal of the city, showing Saint Kilian from 1570. It shows a banner on a tilted lance, formerly in a blue field, with the banner quarterly argent and gules (1532), later or and gules (1550). īeginning in 1237, the city seal depicted the cathedral and a portrait of Saint Kilian, with the inscription SIGILLVM CIVITATIS HERBIPOLENSIS. The name is presumably of Celtic origin, but based on a folk etymological connection to the German word Würze "herb, spice", the name was Latinized as Herbipolis in the medieval period. The Ravenna Cosmography lists the city as Uburzis at about the same time. The city is mentioned in a donation by Duke Hedan II to bishop Willibrord, dated 1 May 704, in castellum Virteburch. It was Christianized in 686 by Irish missionaries Kilian, Kolonat and Totnan. Würzburg was the seat of a Merovingian duke from about 650. The former Celtic territory was settled by the Alamanni in the 4th or 5th century and by the Franks in the 6th to 7th. Matthäus Merian in Cornelis Danckerts, "Historis", 1642.Ī Bronze Age ( Urnfield culture) refuge castle, the Celtic Segodunum, and later a Roman fort, stood on the hill known as the Leistenberg, the site of the present Fortress Marienberg. Panorama of Würzburg with castle Marienberg.
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